(IN)TANGIBLE HERITAGE(S)

Abstract

Landscape deals with the environment as a whole with events and phenomena, and the definition of landscape can change accordingly. Also, the way that the landscape exists is also affected by various social and physical communities. Landscape has been theorized by different experts based on the type and degree of human intervention on nature. One of the most comprehensive examples among these theories is the Concept of Three Natures. While the First Nature Concept refers to a nature that is wild and not interfered with by humans, the concept of Second Nature refers to a different form of nature which is shaped in line with human needs -like agriculture. The Third Concept was born with the urbanization and the aesthetic concerns in human intervention on nature. Today, on the axis of global climate change, efficient use of resources, multiculturalism and globalization, and with the advancement of technologies, the landscape evolves into a more different and synchronized structure and the Fourth Concept of Nature emerges. In today’s age of multiculturalism and globalization, where human behaviour is becoming increasingly massive with the effect of technology, we are faced with a situation beyond the nature and landscape we know. However, when the theories about landscape heritage are examined, it is seen that the discourses about the first Three Concepts of Nature are at the forefront. So, where do the landscapes that refer to the concept of the Fourth Nature stand in tomorrow’s cultural heritage? The main purpose of this paper is to examine the new (in)tangible values presented by the concept of Fourth Nature in the axis of human behaviour, encironment and technology. With this research, it is aimed to present a new perspective to the concept of landscape heritage on the axis of contemporary landscape architecture dynamics.