Architecture education in Aotearoa New Zealand is dominated by western theory and thought. While research designs have started to consider a “decolonisation of methods” in research contexts (Tuhiwai Smith 2021), undergraduate course contents follow more ‘traditional’ learning contents and pedagogical frameworks. Māori architecture and representational forms are discussed as part of design studios and contextual history courses. The design precedents discussed explore key architecture artefacts as well as significant cultural developments and shifts. However, the use of imagery portraying “Māori architecture” examples often convey a generalised view, without acknowledging regional differentiation and tribal (iwi) interpretations. Furthermore, thematic analysis of these significant cultural treasures (taonga) can lead to a simplistic view that Māori architecture can be categorised, culturally appropriated and applied to designs. The Treaty of Waitangi, a founding document of New Zealand, describes how through partnership, participation and protection of Māori values, the bi-cultural context can be enriched and supported. The principles embedded in the Treaty provide a unique opportunity for co-design in the New Zealand context. This paper explores how the principles of Tikanga Māori, a value-based framework for customary practices and behaviours, can be conceptualised for, and within, the dominantly western architectural discipline and teaching context. As a vehicle to question and challenge these global architectural conventions, and to consider a regionally sensitive response, pātai (Māori; translated to enquire, question, examine, provoke) is a forum for discussion in our School. By exploring Māori concepts and values linguistically and ontologically, meanings and practices are analysed and interpreted for spatial contexts. By creating a dialogue between different stakeholders and examining the the role of architects in this process, a cultural discourse is developed. The goal is to create confidence in a new and unique architectural identity, a 3rd space, in Aotearoa New Zealand that combines, honours, and intrinsically connects our cultural past, present and futures.
Associate Professor Tobias Danielmeier is Head of School at the School of Architecture at Otago Polytechnic. His research and professional practice investigate the interface between industrial architecture and spaces for hospitality. His work focuses on how processes and production flows can be improved spatially, how buildings aid and optimise energy and water use, use of solar active and passive strategies, creation of positive and lasting visitor experiences, as well as place and corporate identity expressed through our built environment. He has been a faculty lead for Victoria University of Wellington’s Solar Decathlon entry. Tobias has worked at Bolles+Wilson as well as RMA. Many of his architectural designs have gained national and international awards in the disciplines of architecture, design and engineering. Tobias is member of the New Zealand Institute of Architects, Green Building Council, Architectural Designers of New Zealand, Bund Deutscher Baumeister, the Designers Institute of New Zealand, the Building Technology Educators’ Society, and Bund Deutscher Önologen. He regularly acts as juror on architecture and heritage competitions and is on the editorial board of the International Journal for Architecture, Arts and Applications. Tobias has a wealth of postgraduate supervision and frequently acts as an examiner.
Andrea Farminer PhD is a lecturer at the School of Architecture at Otago Polytechnic. She is also a practicing heritage consultant and Conservation Advisor for Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga (Otago Southland Area). Her thirty years of heritage experience extends from field archaeology, buildings archaeology and built heritage conservation in the UK through to practicing as a built heritage consultant in New Zealand. Andrea’s research interests (both published and professional) include the conservation of industrial and domestic heritage sites. Her PhD from the University of Otago, NZ in cultural geography focused on understanding the fluid development of meaning and value in people’s relationships with their recreational places, through the lens of place-making, using a hermeneutic epistemology and thematic analysis method. Andrea is a member of ICOMOS New Zealand, the Building Limes Forum (UK & NZ), and the Tiles & Architectural Ceramics Society (UK). She was formerly Vice-President of the New Zealand Archaeological Association and a full member of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK).
Ron Bull is of Kai Tahu / Kati Mamoe and Waitaha descent from Oraka, Colac Bay on the south coast of the South Island of New Zealand. His whanau / family connections come from a “Titi” whanau and he participates in the annual harvest of Sooty Shearwaters from the off shore islands. One of his major passions is food, from harvesting and preparation right through to sharing and feasting. In particular, how these play a part in the formation of narrative which informs identity and practice. He is a foundation member of the Kaihaukai Art Collective which has shown nationally and internationally including recently at Te Papa Tongarewa, The National Museum, Wellington and at the Asian Pacific Triennially in Brisbane. Ron has a passion for education and in particular, locating knowledge systems within landscape, in order to create identity which ultimately informs practice. His Masters of Professional Practice used Roland Barthes essay from “From Work to Text “ to analyse “traditional” knowledge transference systems and how these are linked to place. He currently holds of the position of Tumuaki Whakaako at Otago Polytechnic and is responsible for embedding indigenous knowledge into all curriculum areas.