IN-PERSON ISTANBUL HERITAGE(S)

Abstract

This study investigates the increasing prevalence of vacant and underutilized religious properties and houses of worship in the state of Maryland, USA, exploring the planning, economic, and social challenges associated with these transitions. The introduction outlines the urgency and patterns of this phenomenon, emphasizing its implications for equity, heritage, urban vitality, and land use planning. Contextual analysis highlights global shifts in religious practices, national trends, and specific dynamics within Maryland, including demographic, cultural, and policy influences. A literature review examines planning frameworks, zoning regulations, and broader factors such as secularization, gentrification, and neighborhood change, drawing insights from spatial and interdisciplinary fields. The study categorizes typologies for adaptive reuse and repurposing, evaluating models for equity, sustainability, and community fit. Comparative case studies from diverse geographies and faith traditions provide insights into stakeholder engagement, regulatory environments, and outcomes. Visioning proposals offer site-specific solutions inspired by the case studies, focusing on community-based design, programming, and policy options that balance preservation, innovation, and equity. A cross-case analysis synthesizes findings, identifying commonalities, tensions, and unique constraints, supported by a SWOT analysis of planning interventions and governance models. The study presents strategic planning tools for local governments, nonprofits, and congregations, alongside policy and practice recommendations that include planning frameworks, incentives, and design guidelines. It highlights roles for municipalities, regional actors, faith communities, and community-based organizations, proposing funding mechanisms and partnerships. Conclusions reflect on resilience, memory, and spatial justice, summarizing key insights and suggesting directions for future research.