IN-PERSON ISTANBUL HERITAGE(S)

Abstract

This paper explores the role of heritage as a driver of development in low-density rural territories, focusing on the case of the Vale do Côa in northeastern Portugal. Internationally recognised for its prehistoric rock art and institutionalised through the Parque Arqueológico do Vale do Côa, the region has often been presented as a successful example of heritage-led development. However, its actual contribution to regional transformation remains open to discussion. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, this study combines statistical analysis of demographic and economic indicators, document analysis of institutional and policy frameworks, and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, including park technicians, tourism operators, and local residents. This approach enables a multi-scalar understanding of the relationship between heritage, governance, and territorial development. The findings suggest that while heritage has contributed to increased visibility, cultural valorisation, and the emergence of tourism-related activities, its impact on structural regional challenges—such as population decline, economic diversification, and territorial cohesion—remains limited. The case highlights a gap between symbolic and institutional success and broader socio-economic transformation. Rather than presenting heritage as a universal solution for rural development, this paper argues for a more nuanced understanding of its role, emphasising the importance of integrated territorial strategies that connect heritage assets with local economies and governance systems. The Côa Valley thus provides valuable insights into both the potential and the limitations of heritage-led development in peripheral regions.