IN-PERSON ISTANBUL HERITAGE(S)

Abstract

Heritage cities represent a complex interplay of cultural heritage, environmental sustainability and socio-economic dynamics. This paper explores whether these cities can achieve true liveability while managing critical issues such as overtourism, the tension between heritage conservation and contemporary interventions, commercial pressures, infrastructural demands and socio-spatial inequalities such as affordability and gentrification. These tensions are visible in several historic cities, particularly as urban spaces are reshaped and appropriated and local residents are pushed out. The paper argues that strategic and holistic planning is essential, with environmental sustainability serving as a catalyst for broader socio-economic transformation. Sustainable regeneration efforts are examined as potential socio-economic drivers that promote local identity and inclusivity. A case study of Valletta, Malta, highlights how unchecked commercialisation is threatening the city’s cultural fabric and liveability. This discussion emphasises the importance of proactive policies and integrated approaches that align heritage conservation with community well-being. It also underscores the role of governance, regulatory frameworks and community participation in shaping the future of heritage cities. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations to ensure the long-term sustainability and vitality of historic cities. It illustrates how comprehensive urban design strategies and sustainable rehabilitation, or the innovative adaptive reuse of historic buildings, may provide innovative pathways for sustainable urban development and enhance long-term liveability for the cities’ residents.