Titles
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"Model native townships” in South Africa during the first ...A City without noise? Tackling the unintended effects of noi...A green space for sustainable cognitive ageing: the older ad...Achieving Net Zero Energy in Low- Rise Residential BuildingsAddressing diverse community needs through sustainable micro...An Empty Space, a Virtual Place: Cultural Life and Creative ...Analyzing the impact of climate change on social dwellings i...Architectural Democracy: a framework for mapping the relatio...Architectural Design by using computer programs accessibilit...Architecture, culture and agriculture in the Wenruitang Vall...ARCHscholars – Calling all qualified and passionate archit...Artistic, Cultural, and Political Interdependence: Cities in...Between utopia and dystopia: (Green) New Deals, vulnerabilit...Carbon capturing high-performance buildingsCircular economy and built environment: Research and good pr...Cities at the Age of PandemicsCitizen City Maker: A human-centered approach to interactive...City diplomacy: The New York World’s Fair of 1939/40Confronting urbanization – The interactive tissue of urban...Cultural heritage and enhancement for an Ecomuseum in Trecas...Design processes for transitions. Exploring transdisciplinar...Designing cities for dignified commuting: Watersheds of hope...Designing Solar Cities: Choices and FuturesDeveloping a workforce of apartment industry ambassadorsDigital innovations for architectural traditional heritage c...Effective methodologies to study affects in cities: Re-think...Effects of environmental factors on the spread of Covid-19 i...Examining the Cultural City: Creative economy reports throug...Flexible Typologies to Adapt on Water and Ground with Adapti...From garden houses to a garden city, Thua Thien Hue (Vietnam...Future City: Resilient by data, adaptive by designGeospatial mapping of social capital networks of the furnitu...Greenways as urban networks for climate and growth changeHealing from the trauma of divisive spatial geographies: Res...Health and safety in live performance; What will be the new ...Health, communities and resilience: lessons from a participa...Highlighting the necessity of study on post-occupancy evalua...How architectural green-planted modules can play a role as a...How joint venture development project can become a viable al...How joint venture development project can become a viable al...How to make site-specific art when sites themselves have his...Improving modular building construction to reduce the impact...Improvised architectural responses to the changing climate; ...In-between grounds: Cultural heritage in China’s middle gr...Inclusive cities decision matrix based on a multidimensional...Incremental Housing: A strategy to facilitate households’ ...Inhabit infrastructures: A way to rethink the infrastructure...InlawsIntention, Life, Value: A multidisciplinary approach to unde...KeynoteLandscape architecture and the urban recoveryLocal design ecosystems: Fashion Making in New York’s Garm...Losing Structure – Finding Structure: What we have lost an...Lyon Métropole, Evolution of practices and relations betwee...Making smart meters acceptable: An end-user standpointManaging New York’s unclaimed dead, 1868 – present dayManual for the future city and time machinesMapping social and natural hazards: A survey of potential fo...Material manifestations of contemporary port-scapes in Denma...Materials that connect and separate us: COVID-19 and protect...New York: Rebuilding the history of a cityOccupying the asphalt: the repurposing of parking lots durin...OutlawsPandemic + Gentrification: An interdisciplinary pedagogy to ...Pedestrian’s perception of the urban-scapePedestrian’s perception of the urban-scape: A 3D duo analy...Place based pedagogy: re-thinking transformative learningPlace Making or Claim Staking: sustaining the illusion of pa...Planning for plurality of streets: A spheric approach to mic...Post-Disciplinary Futures: For the best way to predict the f...Privatization and its aftermath – A data-driven simulation...Project SoaneRace, urban-renewal, and environment in New Orleans: From Pl...(Re)shaping buildings to cope with climate impacts in coasta...Realism and Spectacle. The paradox of architecture engaging ...Regenerating mental health: Exploring the impact of the urba...ReProgramming ArchitectureResilient spaces for reuse and recycling. The case of Minale...Responsive environments: Designed objects as enablers of new...Rights to the city & rights of the cityRunning in Rome: A ‘Bio/Digi-Rhythmic’ SoundscapeSmarticipation - The right and ubiquitous opportunity to par...South African cities redesigned: The production of space to ...Strategy with purpose – Integral design thinking, A holist...Sustain urban heritage; approaching the city as a continuumThe citizen centered journey towards sustainable smart citie...The designed and the ad hoc: Dynamic remakings of street spa...The digitization gap in urban planningThe Discrepancy Between Spatial Pedestrian Accessibility and...The Fall Line: differential stress and deformationThe Green Hub: A resilient vision for Thessaloniki, GreeceThe impact of building façade characteristics on perceived ...The interdisciplinary timeline: Towards a new paradigm for e...The language of habitation: An investigation of housing term...The meaning of historic cities in the digital age: Genoa his...The new city that was born too oldThe reconstruction of Al Nuri Mosque in MosulThe Right to Heritage: UNESCO cachet and its limits in non-w...‘The Right to the City’ and the problem of TehranThe role of community advocacy in implementing transformativ...The Urban University: An Agent of ChangeThe vacillating sources of authority – The case of the Old...Thinking Making With: Suburbia and sympoetic tanglingTiny Living in Dortmund (Germany): An experiment in urban su...Towards a heliocentric urbanism? Reconsidering sunlight thro...Town-Gown 101: A new class of digital tools for engagement, ...Urban curriculums must address climate changeUrban Design and planning in globalized cities: The Berlin e...Urban farming in the context of healthy cities: Ten years of...Urbanizing nature, modernizing nations: Water infrastructure...User preferences for urban parks: Stated choice experiments ...Using comics to promote green and inclusive architectureVirtual Travel: Global opportunities to reduce the carbon fo...Visualising speed and injustice at an urban edge: Havana, Cu...Welcome & IntroductionWhat does tailoring mean when agile method ‘tailoring’ i...What makes a city: nature and agency in the creative literat...Where are walkable “Main Streets” in Dallas-Fort Worth? ...
Presenters
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O. Adegun.K. AhmedP. Aibeo et al.O.A. Al-kassawnehK. AlbrektsenR. AlexandreD. AllamB. Andrei FeziA. AptekarS. AyalonK. AyyadF BahramiV. Bandara et al.F. BerlingieriK. Berti et al.V. Bonini et al.S.R. Borg et al.Billy BradleyS. BrandtM. BrooksC. Brossolet et al.R. BunschotenJ. BurdenC. ByersG. CairnsG. Cairns(2)F. CantoneA. CantuJ. CirklovaP. CockburnD. Collins et al.A. ComoS. CrossN. CrowsonM. CuonzoI.E. Dan-OgosiM. DaneluzzoM. DelVecchioC. EarhartH. ElkadiE. EllaJ. EnosJ. EschrichS. EvansI. Ferreira et alP. FerrettoL. FerrãoD. Fisher-GewirtzmanD. Fisher-Gewirtzman(2)A. FitchD. FrancoN. Fumagalli et al.G. GatarinS. Goldberg-MillerN. HafiziA. HakiminejadR. HanleyN. HeyshamK. HomH. HopewellG. HurcombT. Husna Yasmin FellowsV. Immonen et al.H. IrfanA. IshidaM. JaberH. JeongL. Johnson et al.P. KempfS. Kumar KethamN. Langer-VossJ. LanghorstK. Lawson HughesMengyixin Li et al.D. Lindberg et al.T. LolliY. Ma et al.K. MacariM. Mackenzie WallerT. MaffucciG.I. MarinovicS. MaryL. Miguel GinjaC. MillerJ. MontgomeryS. Mujdem VuralD. MunenzonL. MurrayS. NikolaidouM. OlivaA. OsmanH. O’ConnorK. Pawlik et al.V. Peu Duvallon et al.S. PhillipM.I. PienaruS. PrahlB.M. ProctorM. Quang NguyenN. RaddatzK. ReaverB. RezazadeganS. RobertsonO. RouhaniO. Rouhani(2)A. S. YukselE. Santha et al.Z. SarwarF. ScalisiN. SeigneuretK. SevenhuysenF. ShenM. ShilonA. ShwartzS SInghalR SkaggsL. Smeragliuolo PerrottaC. SmithA. SnyderC. SpositoM. StavroulaI. StewartP. Streckeisen et al.S. SugrueB. SwardB. Teklehaimanot.A. TrickC. Trillo et al.A. TzifaM. Van Dinter et al.M. WaghmareC. WagnerT. WallbridgeWilliam WolfeWilliam Wolfe(2)K. WoodR. YosifofD. Zolotareva
Schedule

Environments by Design

Health, Wellbeing and Place
Managing New York’s unclaimed dead, 1868 – present day
C. Byers
3:30 pm - 5:00 pm

Abstract

In April 2020, news outlets around the world published aerial footage of mass graves being excavated on Hart Island. Faced with allegations that they were intended for Covid-19 victims, Mayor Bill de Blasio quickly declared that only unclaimed bodies would be interred there, a situation he described as a ‘tragic reality’. Despite a growing body of reporting and activism throughout the 2010s, this may have been the first time many New Yorkers had ever heard of the city’s Potter’s Field, or begun to consider how unclaimed bodies are treated in the modern metropolis.  

Hart Island is the largest mass graveyard in the United States. Approximately one million of New York’s unknown dead have been buried there by prisoners from Rikers Island since the land was purchased for the Department of Charities and Corrections in 1868. A significant proportion of these bodies were sent there from the newly established city morgue at Bellevue Hospital, an institution which has never before been the subject of academic study. 

Examining city records, newspaper articles, contemporary accounts and official reports, this paper will trace the historic trajectory of the unclaimed body from morgue to grave, exploring how the systems, policies and authorities responsible for these bodies intersected. It will then analyse what nineteenth-century practices can tell us about present-day management of the unclaimed dead, and how we can attempt to distinguish between administrative issues and socioeconomic prejudices in the handling of unclaimed bodies. 

With management of Hart Island set to transfer to the Department of Parks in July 2021, understanding the historic structures and proposing ways in which these policies can be reformed is more vital than ever. This paper therefore intends to contribute to our understanding of the challenges of managing the unclaimed dead, while also addressing issues of poverty and social exclusion.

Biography

Catriona Byers is a soon-to-be PhD student in History Research at King’s College London, under the supervision of Dr Anna Maerker and Dr Caitjan Gainty. Her doctoral research will investigate the morgues of Paris and New York during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, focusing particularly the significant civic role these institutions played in both social policy and management the anonymous urban dead, the use of unclaimed bodies to facilitate medical, scientific and medico-legal advancements, and how these morgues can be understood within the broader transnational movement of medical ideas, students and systems between France and the USA during this period. She holds a B.A. in History and French from the University of Manchester, and an M.A. in Urban History and Culture from the University of London Institute in Paris, where her master’s dissertation explored how medical authority was used to enable exploitative practices towards the socially vulnerable through the use and display of anonymous bodies at the Paris morgue. She currently lives in Paris, and works as a food stylist, photographer and writer alongside her academic research.