Titles
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"Model native townships” in South Africa during the first ...A City without noise? Tackling the unintended effects of noi...A green space for sustainable cognitive ageing: the older ad...Achieving Net Zero Energy in Low- Rise Residential BuildingsAddressing diverse community needs through sustainable micro...An Empty Space, a Virtual Place: Cultural Life and Creative ...Analyzing the impact of climate change on social dwellings i...Architectural Democracy: a framework for mapping the relatio...Architectural Design by using computer programs accessibilit...Architecture, culture and agriculture in the Wenruitang Vall...ARCHscholars – Calling all qualified and passionate archit...Artistic, Cultural, and Political Interdependence: Cities in...Between utopia and dystopia: (Green) New Deals, vulnerabilit...Carbon capturing high-performance buildingsCircular economy and built environment: Research and good pr...Cities at the Age of PandemicsCitizen City Maker: A human-centered approach to interactive...City diplomacy: The New York World’s Fair of 1939/40Confronting urbanization – The interactive tissue of urban...Cultural heritage and enhancement for an Ecomuseum in Trecas...Design processes for transitions. Exploring transdisciplinar...Designing cities for dignified commuting: Watersheds of hope...Designing Solar Cities: Choices and FuturesDeveloping a workforce of apartment industry ambassadorsDigital innovations for architectural traditional heritage c...Effective methodologies to study affects in cities: Re-think...Effects of environmental factors on the spread of Covid-19 i...Examining the Cultural City: Creative economy reports throug...Flexible Typologies to Adapt on Water and Ground with Adapti...From garden houses to a garden city, Thua Thien Hue (Vietnam...Future City: Resilient by data, adaptive by designGeospatial mapping of social capital networks of the furnitu...Greenways as urban networks for climate and growth changeHealing from the trauma of divisive spatial geographies: Res...Health and safety in live performance; What will be the new ...Health, communities and resilience: lessons from a participa...Highlighting the necessity of study on post-occupancy evalua...How architectural green-planted modules can play a role as a...How joint venture development project can become a viable al...How joint venture development project can become a viable al...How to make site-specific art when sites themselves have his...Improving modular building construction to reduce the impact...Improvised architectural responses to the changing climate; ...In-between grounds: Cultural heritage in China’s middle gr...Inclusive cities decision matrix based on a multidimensional...Incremental Housing: A strategy to facilitate households’ ...Inhabit infrastructures: A way to rethink the infrastructure...InlawsIntention, Life, Value: A multidisciplinary approach to unde...KeynoteLandscape architecture and the urban recoveryLocal design ecosystems: Fashion Making in New York’s Garm...Losing Structure – Finding Structure: What we have lost an...Lyon Métropole, Evolution of practices and relations betwee...Making smart meters acceptable: An end-user standpointManaging New York’s unclaimed dead, 1868 – present dayManual for the future city and time machinesMapping social and natural hazards: A survey of potential fo...Material manifestations of contemporary port-scapes in Denma...Materials that connect and separate us: COVID-19 and protect...New York: Rebuilding the history of a cityOccupying the asphalt: the repurposing of parking lots durin...OutlawsPandemic + Gentrification: An interdisciplinary pedagogy to ...Pedestrian’s perception of the urban-scapePedestrian’s perception of the urban-scape: A 3D duo analy...Place based pedagogy: re-thinking transformative learningPlace Making or Claim Staking: sustaining the illusion of pa...Planning for plurality of streets: A spheric approach to mic...Post-Disciplinary Futures: For the best way to predict the f...Privatization and its aftermath – A data-driven simulation...Project SoaneRace, urban-renewal, and environment in New Orleans: From Pl...(Re)shaping buildings to cope with climate impacts in coasta...Realism and Spectacle. The paradox of architecture engaging ...Regenerating mental health: Exploring the impact of the urba...ReProgramming ArchitectureResilient spaces for reuse and recycling. The case of Minale...Responsive environments: Designed objects as enablers of new...Rights to the city & rights of the cityRunning in Rome: A ‘Bio/Digi-Rhythmic’ SoundscapeSmarticipation - The right and ubiquitous opportunity to par...South African cities redesigned: The production of space to ...Strategy with purpose – Integral design thinking, A holist...Sustain urban heritage; approaching the city as a continuumThe citizen centered journey towards sustainable smart citie...The designed and the ad hoc: Dynamic remakings of street spa...The digitization gap in urban planningThe Discrepancy Between Spatial Pedestrian Accessibility and...The Fall Line: differential stress and deformationThe Green Hub: A resilient vision for Thessaloniki, GreeceThe impact of building façade characteristics on perceived ...The interdisciplinary timeline: Towards a new paradigm for e...The language of habitation: An investigation of housing term...The meaning of historic cities in the digital age: Genoa his...The new city that was born too oldThe reconstruction of Al Nuri Mosque in MosulThe Right to Heritage: UNESCO cachet and its limits in non-w...‘The Right to the City’ and the problem of TehranThe role of community advocacy in implementing transformativ...The Urban University: An Agent of ChangeThe vacillating sources of authority – The case of the Old...Thinking Making With: Suburbia and sympoetic tanglingTiny Living in Dortmund (Germany): An experiment in urban su...Towards a heliocentric urbanism? Reconsidering sunlight thro...Town-Gown 101: A new class of digital tools for engagement, ...Urban curriculums must address climate changeUrban Design and planning in globalized cities: The Berlin e...Urban farming in the context of healthy cities: Ten years of...Urbanizing nature, modernizing nations: Water infrastructure...User preferences for urban parks: Stated choice experiments ...Using comics to promote green and inclusive architectureVirtual Travel: Global opportunities to reduce the carbon fo...Visualising speed and injustice at an urban edge: Havana, Cu...Welcome & IntroductionWhat does tailoring mean when agile method ‘tailoring’ i...What makes a city: nature and agency in the creative literat...Where are walkable “Main Streets” in Dallas-Fort Worth? ...
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O. Adegun.K. AhmedP. Aibeo et al.O.A. Al-kassawnehK. AlbrektsenR. AlexandreD. AllamB. Andrei FeziA. AptekarS. AyalonK. AyyadF BahramiV. Bandara et al.F. BerlingieriK. Berti et al.V. Bonini et al.S.R. Borg et al.Billy BradleyS. BrandtM. BrooksC. Brossolet et al.R. BunschotenJ. BurdenC. ByersG. CairnsG. Cairns(2)F. CantoneA. CantuJ. CirklovaP. CockburnD. Collins et al.A. ComoS. CrossN. CrowsonM. CuonzoI.E. Dan-OgosiM. DaneluzzoM. DelVecchioC. EarhartH. ElkadiE. EllaJ. EnosJ. EschrichS. EvansI. Ferreira et alP. FerrettoL. FerrãoD. Fisher-GewirtzmanD. Fisher-Gewirtzman(2)A. FitchD. FrancoN. Fumagalli et al.G. GatarinS. Goldberg-MillerN. HafiziA. HakiminejadR. HanleyN. HeyshamK. HomH. HopewellG. HurcombT. Husna Yasmin FellowsV. Immonen et al.H. IrfanA. IshidaM. JaberH. JeongL. Johnson et al.P. KempfS. Kumar KethamN. Langer-VossJ. LanghorstK. Lawson HughesMengyixin Li et al.D. Lindberg et al.T. LolliY. Ma et al.K. MacariM. Mackenzie WallerT. MaffucciG.I. MarinovicS. MaryL. Miguel GinjaC. MillerJ. MontgomeryS. Mujdem VuralD. MunenzonL. MurrayS. NikolaidouM. OlivaA. OsmanH. O’ConnorK. Pawlik et al.V. Peu Duvallon et al.S. PhillipM.I. PienaruS. PrahlB.M. ProctorM. Quang NguyenN. RaddatzK. ReaverB. RezazadeganS. RobertsonO. RouhaniO. Rouhani(2)A. S. YukselE. Santha et al.Z. SarwarF. ScalisiN. SeigneuretK. SevenhuysenF. ShenM. ShilonA. ShwartzS SInghalR SkaggsL. Smeragliuolo PerrottaC. SmithA. SnyderC. SpositoM. StavroulaI. StewartP. Streckeisen et al.S. SugrueB. SwardB. Teklehaimanot.A. TrickC. Trillo et al.A. TzifaM. Van Dinter et al.M. WaghmareC. WagnerT. WallbridgeWilliam WolfeWilliam Wolfe(2)K. WoodR. YosifofD. Zolotareva
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Environments by Design

Health, Wellbeing and Place
"Model native townships” in South Africa during the first half of the 20th century: Conceptualisation, contextualisation, and visualisation
K. Sevenhuysen

Abstract

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This paper aims to investigate the conceptual origins of the idea of “model native townships” during the first half of the 20th century in South Africa.  Concepts such as Modernism, the British welfare state idea and the “sanitation syndrome” formed the basis of the idea of “ideal or model” housing for the working class.  In South Africa in the first half of the 20th century, the concepts of paternalism and segregation, in all their multi-faceted meanings and applications, were held to justify the creation of “ideal” housing on a racial basis.  The contextualization of this time-period is of utmost importance to understand and evaluate the actions of politicians and administrators.  The ideology of segregation should be evaluated taking the nuances of the policy and the internal conflict between liberal and conservative segregationists into consideration.  The broader Zeitgeist of Modernism and the resulting social engineering to ensure that the “modern man” lives and acts within specific guidelines are investigated to ensure a better and well-rounded understanding of the South African context.  The place of visualisation in the understanding of abstract and complicated concepts and contexts are illustrated through images, diagrams, and the so-called dynamic knowledge maps. A single still image with a few well-chosen words is often more effective than a long verbal description. I will argue that visual illustrations, mind or knowledge maps and diagrams should support written work and will enhance the understanding of complex and multi-faceted concepts and contexts.

Biography

Karina Sevenhuysen is a lecturer in the Department of Historical and Heritage Studies at the University of Pretoria.  The author’s research focuses on black urbanisation, black housing and the creation of infrastructure in black townships prior to WWII in South Africa.  She is especially interested in the ideologies and philosophies that shaped policies, legislation, and the practical implementation of these in black townships. The use of visual elements and GIS applications to understand these aspects better are part of her research tools.  Her current doctoral research focuses on the establishment and layout of Atteridgeville (in Pretoria, in the Gauteng Province of South Africa) as a so-called “model native township” between 1935 and 1948.  Her teaching focuses on Heritage and Cultural Tourism, especially tourism and representation, and research methodologies in Heritage and Cultural Tourism as well as twentieth-century South African history.  Her two latest publications were co-authored with Michelle de la Harpe, namely ‘The experience of the tourist in a technologically-driven age:  A continuum between the tourist guide and technology’, in Journal of Tourismology of January 2019, pp. 129-142 and ‘New technologies in the field of tourist guiding:  Threat or tool?’, in Journal of Tourismology of January 2020, pp. 13-33.