For over 350 years, traditional architectural pedagogy has distinguished between two streams of learning: design and theory. We present an experiment in which we horizontally integrated these modes within a vertically integrated curriculum to encourage spiral integration. This was achieved by integrating topics from first-year theory modules into the design studio and then using studio projects to inform and guide assignments in the ensuing theory projects, without theory lecturers having to write separate narratives or scenarios for their assignments. To foster more holistic mindsets, the threading of these learning opportunities was carefully orchestrated. For example, a project would begin with site analysis and appreciation in Earth Studies, transition to the design studio, and then proceed to Design Communication for iteration and digital documentation. In the following semester, sustainability and materiality would be re-examined in Earth Studies, while technical outcomes were refined in Construction. An important provision is that the learning outcomes of the subjects must be respected and that each remains separately assessed to avoid dilution of learning. Implementing this strategy presented certain challenges, particularly in sequencing learning experiences across various subject areas, which required clear, timely communication between lecturers. Because students’ activities were streamlined and duplication avoided, the notion of university subjects as singular, unrelated pigeonholes of knowledge was challenged as practice workflow was mimicked. The experiment has proven successful, especially in terms of students’ affective learning experience, and it is now being taken forward to subsequent years of study, where we plan to continue and expand the experiment.
Nico Botes holds a PhD from the University of Pretoria in South Africa, where he lectures and coordinates the undergraduate programme in architecture. He is responsible for selecting beginner students for admission to architecture studies, a task aligned with his doctoral research, and sits on committees for Teaching and Learning, and Research. He has presented numerous guest lectures on design pedagogy and is passionate about human-centred design thinking. Nico currently co-leads a project studying the mapping of human-building interfaces for users who rely on guide and other assistance dogs.
Chrisna du Plessis is Research Professor in Architecture at the University of Pretoria. She explores regenerative futures through ecosystemic thinking and design, and teaches a foundational course in ecosystemic thinking for spatial designers. Her research concentrates on developing new ways of thinking about the problems of the global metacrisis to expand our understanding of concepts such as sustainability, resilience and regenerative development, how they are related, and how they influence the way we think about, and the approaches we use, to create cities, neighbourhoods and buildings.