IN-PERSON London Heritages. Section A

Abstract

This paper will examine the extent to which intellectual discourse may be considered a catalyst for Architectural modernism in Beirut. By the 1940s, modernist influences had already accessed the art and literature of the Levant. Lebanese architecture began to gradually incorporate modernism, despite the slow progression of the Levantine urbanisation in its early stages. Architects whi were involved, adopted modern construction techniques that were more adapted to local climate. By examining the historical events and socio-cultural circumstances of the time, this research seeks to provide insights into the origins and development of the modernist movement. International and local architects were connected on platforms, like competitions, exhibitions, etc., which in turn heightened the societal fascination with the Levantine modernism movement. Standardisation became a necessity to improve the quality of life within Beirut, and enticed the social elite to participate in the process. This demanded the involvement of Western architects who in turn, saw the futuristic expansion of Beirut as advantageous to their career. This paper will explore intellectual exchanges and institutions that brewed the future of Levant modernism, under the influence of the French Mandate. The analysis involves looking into nature as a creative stimulus, and travel as a cause of the upsurge of architectural modernism within Beirut under the aegis of prominent figures like Michel Ecochard, André Wogenscky, and Gaullime Gillet. Consequently, the paper aims to understand the influence of these artist-architect collaborations in the urbanization of Beirut.