Microbiome study has been slowly growing when related to heritage and conservation and restoration cases studies. The application of metagenomics has been driven by the decreasing price for external sequencing services that are now easily available and both the sampling and prior laboratory work can be done in standard microbiology laboratories. However, the amount of data that is gather with metagenomic methodologies is still not totally useful as meaning to the presence of different species on the surfaces must be attributed and its relation to biodeterioration is many times missing. This research paper will discuss study cases related to heritage in Portugal and compare it with international case studies allowing the discussion on the validity, advantages, disadvantages, and usefulness of microbiome studies in heritage. The authors acknowledge the financial help from project HAC4CG- Heritage, Art, Creation for Climate change. Living the city: catalyzing spaces for learning, creation, and action towards climate change.
Patrícia Moreira holds a PhD in Biotechnology by Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP). She is an Assistant Professor at the School of Arts (UCP) and deputy director of Center for Research in Science and Technology of the Arts (CITAR) where she also coordinates the Heritage & Conservation and restoration research-area and is a collaborator of Center for Biotechnology and Fine Chemistry (CBQF) both from UCP. Her main research area is in innovation in Biotechnology for Cultural Heritage with emphasis on biodeterioration, sustainability, circular economy, and green conservation.