Indoor thermal-comfort conditions can be improved by judicious selection of building materials. India has climatic conditions ranging from warm-humid to cold, with composite climate prevalent in considerably larger parts. Rural Indigenous mud-based architecture is a hitherto neglected aspect of architecture. Yet, 30% of the world’s total population lived in earthen structures in 2011. Mud huts are an intrinsic part of the culture and life of many rural-folk through generations. This paper deals with both the thermal properties and performance of mud in composite climatic regions in India. As a typical composite climatic region, Ranchi, the capital of the eastern Indian state of Jharkhand has been considered. The primary thermal properties of mud, which determine its applicability and effective-use, have been studied with respect to the characteristics of composite climate. To design and build dwellings in composite climate region is toughest as they have varying climatic characteristics from season to season. This paper suggests a few measures to make existing mud dwellings a more climate-responsive option throughout the year in the composite climatic zones of the country.
Dr Janmejoy Gupta is an Architect-Urban Planner with 15 years of industrial and teaching experience. He completed PhD in Architecture in 2017. Presently Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Architecture in School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada, India. (An Institute of National Importance under MHRD, Government of India). His research areas are passive design strategies for thermal comfort in vernacular dwellings and Sustainability in Urban Planning. Dr Gupta is an Indian Green Building Council Accredited Professional and has worked on a number of green building documentation.