IN-PERSON Lisbon Livable Cities. Section A

Abstract

Environmental concerns, increasing energy consumption and the high cost of mechanical systems have contributed to the growing interest in building energy efficiency and passive thermal design in recent years. This study seeks to assess the impact of building envelope components and related retrofits on energy efficiency and occupant comfort in a sustainable environment. The design of the building envelope, as a major component of the structure, has a substantial impact on interior space organization and user comfort. In this regard, to achieve optimum comfort and energy savings, the building envelope should be designed with a thermal comfort system that adjusts to climatic changes. This system should be designed in accordance with the environment features building shape, and materials employed. This article investigates the evolution of building envelope tactics, following a path from conventional passive methods to modern inventive solutions targeted at providing long-term user comfort. The study examines case studies from various climatic locations to see how historical precedents inform present best practices. It also assesses developing technologies such as dynamic façades, phase change materials, smart glazing, and bio-adaptive envelopes for improving thermal comfort, natural ventilation, and daylighting while reducing energy consumption. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of the building envelope in sustainable architecture by combining traditional envelope design principles and strategies with technological techniques, as well as to look into its role in providing physical and psychological comfort to users in the interior space. Finally, by defining the building envelope as an active mediator between occupant and the environment rather than a static border, suggests a design paradigm that promotes long-term ecological responsibility while maintaining human comfort.